Shading language¶

Introduction¶

Godot uses a shading language similar to GLSL ES 3.0. Most datatypes and functions are supported, and the few remaining ones will likely be added over time.

If you are already familiar with GLSL, the Godot Shader Migration Guide is a resource that will help you transition from regular GLSL to Godot's shading language.

Data types¶

Most GLSL ES 3.0 datatypes are supported:

Type	Description
void	Void datatype, useful only for functions that return nothing.
bool	Boolean datatype, can only contain `true` or `false`.
bvec2	Two-component vector of booleans.
bvec3	Three-component vector of booleans.
bvec4	Four-component vector of booleans.
int	Signed scalar integer.
ivec2	Two-component vector of signed integers.
ivec3	Three-component vector of signed integers.
ivec4	Four-component vector of signed integers.
uint	Unsigned scalar integer; can't contain negative numbers.
uvec2	Two-component vector of unsigned integers.
uvec3	Three-component vector of unsigned integers.
uvec4	Four-component vector of unsigned integers.
float	Floating-point scalar.
vec2	Two-component vector of floating-point values.
vec3	Three-component vector of floating-point values.
vec4	Four-component vector of floating-point values.
mat2	2x2 matrix, in column major order.
mat3	3x3 matrix, in column major order.
mat4	4x4 matrix, in column major order.
sampler2D	Sampler type for binding 2D textures, which are read as float.
isampler2D	Sampler type for binding 2D textures, which are read as signed integer.
usampler2D	Sampler type for binding 2D textures, which are read as unsigned integer.
sampler2DArray	Sampler type for binding 2D texture arrays, which are read as float.
isampler2DArray	Sampler type for binding 2D texture arrays, which are read as signed integer.
usampler2DArray	Sampler type for binding 2D texture arrays, which are read as unsigned integer.
sampler3D	Sampler type for binding 3D textures, which are read as float.
isampler3D	Sampler type for binding 3D textures, which are read as signed integer.
usampler3D	Sampler type for binding 3D textures, which are read as unsigned integer.
samplerCube	Sampler type for binding Cubemaps, which are read as floats.

Casting¶

Just like GLSL ES 3.0, implicit casting between scalars and vectors of the same size but different type is not allowed. Casting of types of different size is also not allowed. Conversion must be done explicitly via constructors.

Example:

float a = 2; // invalid
float a = 2.0; // valid
float a = float(2); // valid

Default integer constants are signed, so casting is always needed to convert to unsigned:

int a = 2; // valid
uint a = 2; // invalid
uint a = uint(2); // valid

Members¶

Individual scalar members of vector types are accessed via the "x", "y", "z" and "w" members. Alternatively, using "r", "g", "b" and "a" also works and is equivalent. Use whatever fits best for your needs.

For matrices, use the m[row][column] indexing syntax to access each scalar, or m[idx] to access a vector by row index. For example, for accessing the y position of an object in a mat4 you use m[3][1].

Constructing¶

Construction of vector types must always pass:

// The required amount of scalars
vec4 a = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
// Complementary vectors and/or scalars
vec4 a = vec4(vec2(0.0, 1.0), vec2(2.0, 3.0));
vec4 a = vec4(vec3(0.0, 1.0, 2.0), 3.0);
// A single scalar for the whole vector
vec4 a = vec4(0.0);

Construction of matrix types requires vectors of the same dimension as the matrix. You can also build a diagonal matrix using matx(float) syntax. Accordingly, mat4(1.0) is an identity matrix.

mat2 m2 = mat2(vec2(1.0, 0.0), vec2(0.0, 1.0));
mat3 m3 = mat3(vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec3(0.0, 1.0, 0.0), vec3(0.0, 0.0, 1.0));
mat4 identity = mat4(1.0);

Matrices can also be built from a matrix of another dimension. There are two rules:

1. If a larger matrix is constructed from a smaller matrix, the additional rows and columns are set to the values they would have in an identity matrix. 2. If a smaller matrix is constructed from a larger matrix, the top, left submatrix of the larger matrix is used.

mat3 basis = mat3(WORLD_MATRIX);
mat4 m4 = mat4(basis);
mat2 m2 = mat2(m4);

Swizzling¶

It is possible to obtain any combination of components in any order, as long as the result is another vector type (or scalar). This is easier shown than explained:

vec4 a = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0);
vec3 b = a.rgb; // Creates a vec3 with vec4 components.
vec3 b = a.ggg; // Also valid; creates a vec3 and fills it with a single vec4 component.
vec3 b = a.bgr; // "b" will be vec3(2.0, 1.0, 0.0).
vec3 b = a.xyz; // Also rgba, xyzw are equivalent.
vec3 b = a.stp; // And stpq (for texture coordinates).
float c = b.w; // Invalid, because "w" is not present in vec3 b.
vec3 c = b.xrt; // Invalid, mixing different styles is forbidden.
b.rrr = a.rgb; // Invalid, assignment with duplication.
b.bgr = a.rgb; // Valid assignment. "b"'s "blue" component will be "a"'s "red" and vice versa.

Precision¶

It is possible to add precision modifiers to datatypes; use them for uniforms, variables, arguments and varyings:

lowp vec4 a = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0); // low precision, usually 8 bits per component mapped to 0-1
mediump vec4 a = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0); // medium precision, usually 16 bits or half float
highp vec4 a = vec4(0.0, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0); // high precision, uses full float or integer range (default)

Using lower precision for some operations can speed up the math involved (at the cost of less precision). This is rarely needed in the vertex processor function (where full precision is needed most of the time), but is often useful in the fragment processor.

Some architectures (mainly mobile) can benefit significantly from this, but there are downsides such as the additional overhead of conversion between precisions. Refer to the documentation of the target architecture for further information. In many cases, mobile drivers cause inconsistent or unexpected behavior and it is best to avoid specifying precision unless necessary.

Arrays¶

Arrays are containers for multiple variables of a similar type.

Local arrays¶

Local arrays are declared in functions. They can use all of the allowed datatypes, except samplers. The array declaration follows a C-style syntax: [const] + [precision] + typename + identifier + [array size].

void fragment() {
    float arr[3];
}

They can be initialized at the beginning like:

float float_arr[3] = float[3] (1.0, 0.5, 0.0); // first constructor

int int_arr[3] = int[] (2, 1, 0); // second constructor

vec2 vec2_arr[3] = { vec2(1.0, 1.0), vec2(0.5, 0.5), vec2(0.0, 0.0) }; // third constructor

bool bool_arr[] = { true, true, false }; // fourth constructor - size is defined automatically from the element count

You can declare multiple arrays (even with different sizes) in one expression:

float a[3] = float[3] (1.0, 0.5, 0.0),
b[2] = { 1.0, 0.5 },
c[] = { 0.7 },
d = 0.0,
e[5];

To access an array element, use the indexing syntax:

float arr[3];

arr[0] = 1.0; // setter

COLOR.r = arr[0]; // getter

Arrays also have a built-in function .length() (not to be confused with the built-in length() function). It doesn't accept any parameters and will return the array's size.

float arr[] = { 0.0, 1.0, 0.5, -1.0 };
for (int i = 0; i < arr.length(); i++) {
    // ...
}

Note

If you use an index either below 0 or greater than array size - the shader will crash and break rendering. To prevent this, use length(), if, or clamp() functions to ensure the index is between 0 and the array's length. Always carefully test and check your code. If you pass a constant expression or a number, the editor will check its bounds to prevent this crash.

Global arrays¶

You can declare arrays at global space like:

shader_type spatial;

const lowp vec3 v[1] = lowp vec3[1] ( vec3(0, 0, 1) );

void fragment() {
  ALBEDO = v[0];
}

Note

Global arrays have to be declared as global constants, otherwise they can be declared the same as local arrays.

Constants¶

Use the const keyword before the variable declaration to make that variable immutable, which means that it cannot be modified. All basic types, except samplers can be declared as constants. Accessing and using a constant value is slightly faster than using a uniform. Constants must be initialized at their declaration.

const vec2 a = vec2(0.0, 1.0);
vec2 b;

a = b; // invalid
b = a; // valid

Constants cannot be modified and additionally cannot have hints, but multiple of them (if they have the same type) can be declared in a single expression e.g

const vec2 V1 = vec2(1, 1), V2 = vec2(2, 2);

Similar to variables, arrays can also be declared with const.

const float arr[] = { 1.0, 0.5, 0.0 };

arr[0] = 1.0; // invalid

COLOR.r = arr[0]; // valid

Constants can be declared both globally (outside of any function) or locally (inside a function). Global constants are useful when you want to have access to a value throughout your shader that does not need to be modified. Like uniforms, global constants are shared between all shader stages, but they are not accessible outside of the shader.

shader_type spatial;

const float PI = 3.14159265358979323846;

Constants of the float type must be initialized using . notation after the decimal part or by using the scientific notation. The optional f post-suffix is also supported.

float a = 1.0;
float b = 1.0f; // same, using suffix for clarity
float c = 1e-1; // gives 0.1 by using the scientific notation

Constants of the uint (unsigned int) type must have a u suffix to differentiate them from signed integers. Alternatively, this can be done by using the uint(x) built-in conversion function.

uint a = 1u;
uint b = uint(1);

Structs¶

Structs are compound types which can be used for better abstraction of shader code. You can declare them at the global scope like:

struct PointLight {
    vec3 position;
    vec3 color;
    float intensity;
};

After declaration, you can instantiate and initialize them like:

void fragment()
{
    PointLight light;
    light.position = vec3(0.0);
    light.color = vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    light.intensity = 0.5;
}

Or use struct constructor for same purpose:

PointLight light = PointLight(vec3(0.0), vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), 0.5);

Structs may contain other struct or array, you can also instance them as global constant:

shader_type spatial;

...

struct Scene {
    PointLight lights[2];
};

const Scene scene = Scene(PointLight[2](PointLight(vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), 1.0), PointLight(vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), 1.0)));

void fragment()
{
    ALBEDO = scene.lights[0].color;
}

You can also pass them to functions:

shader_type canvas_item;

...

Scene construct_scene(PointLight light1, PointLight light2) {
    return Scene({light1, light2});
}

void fragment()
{
    COLOR.rgb = construct_scene(PointLight(vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec3(1.0, 0.0, 0.0), 1.0), PointLight(vec3(0.0, 0.0, 0.0), vec3(1.0, 0.0, 1.0), 1.0)).lights[0].color;
}

Operators¶

Godot shading language supports the same set of operators as GLSL ES 3.0. Below is the list of them in precedence order:

Precedence	Class	Operator
1 (highest)	parenthetical grouping	()
2	unary	+, -, !, ~
3	multiplicative	*/, , %**
4	additive	+, -
5	bit-wise shift	<<, >>
6	relational	<, >, <=, >=
7	equality	==, !=
8	bit-wise AND	&
9	bit-wise exclusive OR	^
10	bit-wise inclusive OR	\|
11	logical AND	&&
12 (lowest)	logical inclusive OR	\|\|

Flow control¶

Godot Shading language supports the most common types of flow control:

// `if` and `else`.
if (cond) {

} else {

}

// Ternary operator.
// This is an expression that behaves like `if`/`else` and returns the value.
// If `cond` evaluates to `true`, `result` will be `9`.
// Otherwise, `result` will be `5`.
int result = cond ? 9 : 5;

// `switch`.
switch (i) { // `i` should be a signed integer expression.
    case -1:
        break;
    case 0:
        return; // `break` or `return` to avoid running the next `case`.
    case 1: // Fallthrough (no `break` or `return`): will run the next `case`.
    case 2:
        break;
    //...
    default: // Only run if no `case` above matches. Optional.
        break;
}

// `for` loop. Best used when the number of elements to iterate on
// is known in advance.
for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

}

// `while` loop. Best used when the number of elements to iterate on
// is not known in advance.
while (cond) {

}

// `do while`. Like `while`, but always runs at least once even if `cond`
// never evaluates to `true`.
do {

} while (cond);

Keep in mind that, in modern GPUs, an infinite loop can exist and can freeze your application (including editor). Godot can't protect you from this, so be careful not to make this mistake!

Also, when comparing floating-point values against a number, make sure to compare them against a range instead of an exact number.

A comparison like if (value == 0.3) may not evaluate to true. Floating-point math is often approximate and can defy expectations. It can also behave differently depending on the hardware.

Don't do this.

float value = 0.1 + 0.2;

// May not evaluate to `true`!
if (value == 0.3) {
    // ...
}

Instead, always perform a range comparison with an epsilon value. The larger the floating-point number (and the less precise the floating-point number, the larger the epsilon value should be.

const float EPSILON = 0.0001;
if (value >= 0.3 - EPSILON && value <= 0.3 + EPSILON) {
    // ...
}

See floating-point-gui.de for more information.

Warning

When exporting a GLES2 project to HTML5, WebGL 1.0 will be used. WebGL 1.0 doesn't support dynamic loops, so shaders using those won't work there.

Discarding¶

Fragment and light functions can use the discard keyword. If used, the fragment is discarded and nothing is written.

Functions¶

It is possible to define functions in a Godot shader. They use the following syntax:

ret_type func_name(args) {
    return ret_type; // if returning a value
}

// a more specific example:

int sum2(int a, int b) {
    return a + b;
}

You can only use functions that have been defined above (higher in the editor) the function from which you are calling them.

Function arguments can have special qualifiers:

in: Means the argument is only for reading (default).
out: Means the argument is only for writing.
inout: Means the argument is fully passed via reference.
const: Means the argument is a constant and cannot be changed, may be combined with in qualifier.

Example below:

void sum2(int a, int b, inout int result) {
    result = a + b;
}

Varyings¶

To send data from the vertex to the fragment (or light) processor function, varyings are used. They are set for every primitive vertex in the vertex processor, and the value is interpolated for every pixel in the fragment processor.

shader_type spatial;

varying vec3 some_color;

void vertex() {
    some_color = NORMAL; // Make the normal the color.
}

void fragment() {
    ALBEDO = some_color;
}

void light() {
    DIFFUSE_LIGHT = some_color * 100; // optionally
}

Varying can also be an array:

shader_type spatial;

varying float var_arr[3];

void vertex() {
    var_arr[0] = 1.0;
    var_arr[1] = 0.0;
}

void fragment() {
    ALBEDO = vec3(var_arr[0], var_arr[1], var_arr[2]); // red color
}

It's also possible to send data from fragment to light processors using varying keyword. To do so you can assign it in the fragment and later use it in the light function.

shader_type spatial;

varying vec3 some_light;

void fragment() {
    some_light = ALBEDO * 100.0; // Make a shining light.
}

void light() {
    DIFFUSE_LIGHT = some_light;
}

Note that varying may not be assigned in custom functions or a light processor function like:

shader_type spatial;

varying float test;

void foo() {
    test = 0.0; // Error.
}

void vertex() {
    test = 0.0;
}

void light() {
    test = 0.0; // Error too.
}

This limitation was introduced to prevent incorrect usage before initialization.

Interpolation qualifiers¶

Certain values are interpolated during the shading pipeline. You can modify how these interpolations are done by using interpolation qualifiers.

shader_type spatial;

varying flat vec3 our_color;

void vertex() {
    our_color = COLOR.rgb;
}

void fragment() {
    ALBEDO = our_color;
}

There are two possible interpolation qualifiers:

Qualifier	Description
flat	The value is not interpolated.
smooth	The value is interpolated in a perspective-correct fashion. This is the default.

Uniforms¶

Passing values to shaders is possible. These are global to the whole shader and are called uniforms. When a shader is later assigned to a material, the uniforms will appear as editable parameters in it. Uniforms can't be written from within the shader.

Note

Uniform arrays are not implemented yet.

shader_type spatial;

uniform float some_value;

You can set uniforms in the editor in the material. Or you can set them through GDScript:

material.set_shader_param("some_value", some_value)

Note

The first argument to set_shader_param is the name of the uniform in the shader. It must match exactly to the name of the uniform in the shader or else it will not be recognized.

Any GLSL type except for void can be a uniform. Additionally, Godot provides optional shader hints to make the compiler understand for what the uniform is used.

shader_type spatial;

uniform vec4 color : hint_color;
uniform float amount : hint_range(0, 1);
uniform vec4 other_color : hint_color = vec4(1.0);

It's important to understand that textures that are supplied as color require hints for proper sRGB->linear conversion (i.e. hint_albedo), as Godot's 3D engine renders in linear color space.

Full list of hints below:

Type	Hint	Description
vec4	hint_color	Used as color.
int, float	hint_range(min, max[, step])	Used as range (with min/max/step).
sampler2D	hint_albedo	Used as albedo color, default white.
sampler2D	hint_black_albedo	Used as albedo color, default black.
sampler2D	hint_normal	Used as normalmap.
sampler2D	hint_white	As value, default to white.
sampler2D	hint_black	As value, default to black.
sampler2D	hint_anisotropy	As flowmap, default to right.
sampler2D	hint_roughness[_r, _g, _b, _a, _normal, _gray]
sampler2D	filter[_nearest, _linear][_mipmap][_aniso]	Enabled specified texture filtering.
sampler2D	repeat_[enable, disable]	Enabled texture repeating.

GDScript uses different variable types than GLSL does, so when passing variables from GDScript to shaders, Godot converts the type automatically. Below is a table of the corresponding types:

GDScript type	GLSL type
bool	bool
int	int
float	float
Vector2	vec2
Vector3	vec3
Color	vec4
Transform	mat4
Transform2D	mat4

Note

Be careful when setting shader uniforms from GDScript, no error will be thrown if the type does not match. Your shader will just exhibit undefined behavior.

Uniforms can also be assigned default values:

shader_type spatial;

uniform vec4 some_vector = vec4(0.0);
uniform vec4 some_color : hint_color = vec4(1.0);

Built-in variables¶

A large number of built-in variables are available, like UV, COLOR and VERTEX. What variables are available depends on the type of shader (spatial, canvas_item or particle) and the function used (vertex, fragment or light). For a list of the built-in variables that are available, please see the corresponding pages:

Built-in functions¶

A large number of built-in functions are supported, conforming to GLSL ES 3.0. When vec_type (float), vec_int_type, vec_uint_type, vec_bool_type nomenclature is used, it can be scalar or vector.

Note

For a list of the functions that are not available in the GLES2 backend, please see the Differences between GLES2 and GLES3 doc.

Function	Description / Return value
vec_type radians (vec_type degrees)	Convert degrees to radians.
vec_type degrees (vec_type radians)	Convert radians to degrees.
vec_type sin (vec_type x)	Sine.
vec_type cos (vec_type x)	Cosine.
vec_type tan (vec_type x)	Tangent.
vec_type asin (vec_type x)	Arcsine.
vec_type acos (vec_type x)	Arccosine.
vec_type atan (vec_type y_over_x)	Arctangent.
vec_type atan (vec_type y, vec_type x)	Arctangent.
vec_type sinh (vec_type x)	Hyperbolic sine.
vec_type cosh (vec_type x)	Hyperbolic cosine.
vec_type tanh (vec_type x)	Hyperbolic tangent.
vec_type asinh (vec_type x)	Inverse hyperbolic sine.
vec_type acosh (vec_type x)	Inverse hyperbolic cosine.
vec_type atanh (vec_type x)	Inverse hyperbolic tangent.
vec_type pow (vec_type x, vec_type y)	Power (undefined if `x` < 0 or if `x` == 0 and `y` <= 0).
vec_type exp (vec_type x)	Base-e exponential.
vec_type exp2 (vec_type x)	Base-2 exponential.
vec_type log (vec_type x)	Natural logarithm.
vec_type log2 (vec_type x)	Base-2 logarithm.
vec_type sqrt (vec_type x)	Square root.
vec_type inversesqrt (vec_type x)	Inverse square root.
vec_type abs (vec_type x) ivec_type abs (ivec_type x)	Absolute value (returns positive value if negative).
vec_type sign (vec_type x) ivec_type sign (ivec_type x)	Sign (returns `1.0` if positive, `-1.0` if negative, `0.0` if zero).
vec_type floor (vec_type x)	Round to the integer below.
vec_type round (vec_type x)	Round to the nearest integer.
vec_type roundEven (vec_type x)	Round to the nearest even integer.
vec_type trunc (vec_type x)	Truncation.
vec_type ceil (vec_type x)	Round to the integer above.
vec_type fract (vec_type x)	Fractional (returns `x - floor(x)`).
vec_type mod (vec_type x, vec_type y) vec_type mod (vec_type x, float y)	Modulo (division remainder).
vec_type modf (vec_type x, out vec_type i)	Fractional of `x`, with `i` as integer part.
vec_type min (vec_type a, vec_type b)	Lowest value between `a` and `b`.
vec_type max (vec_type a, vec_type b)	Highest value between `a` and `b`.
vec_type clamp (vec_type x, vec_type min, vec_type max)	Clamp `x` between `min` and `max` (inclusive).
float mix (float a, float b, float c) vec_type mix (vec_type a, vec_type b, float c) vec_type mix (vec_type a, vec_type b, bvec_type c)	Linear interpolate between `a` and `b` by `c`.
vec_type fma (vec_type a, vec_type b, vec_type c)	Performs a fused multiply-add operation: `(a * b + c)` (faster than doing it manually).
vec_type step (vec_type a, vec_type b)	`b[i] < a[i] ? 0.0 : 1.0`.
vec_type step (float a, vec_type b)	`b[i] < a ? 0.0 : 1.0`.
vec_type smoothstep (vec_type a, vec_type b, vec_type c) vec_type smoothstep (float a, float b, vec_type c)	Hermite interpolate between `a` and `b` by `c`.
bvec_type isnan (vec_type x)	Returns `true` if scalar or vector component is `NaN`.
bvec_type isinf (vec_type x)	Returns `true` if scalar or vector component is `INF`.
ivec_type floatBitsToInt (vec_type x)	Float->Int bit copying, no conversion.
uvec_type floatBitsToUint (vec_type x)	Float->UInt bit copying, no conversion.
vec_type intBitsToFloat (ivec_type x)	Int->Float bit copying, no conversion.
vec_type uintBitsToFloat (uvec_type x)	UInt->Float bit copying, no conversion.
float length (vec_type x)	Vector length.
float distance (vec_type a, vec_type b)	Distance between vectors i.e `length(a - b)`.
float dot (vec_type a, vec_type b)	Dot product.
vec3 cross (vec3 a, vec3 b)	Cross product.
vec_type normalize (vec_type x)	Normalize to unit length.
vec3 reflect (vec3 I, vec3 N)	Reflect.
vec3 refract (vec3 I, vec3 N, float eta)	Refract.
vec_type faceforward (vec_type N, vec_type I, vec_type Nref)	If `dot(Nref, I)` < 0, return N, otherwise –N.
mat_type matrixCompMult (mat_type x, mat_type y)	Matrix component multiplication.
mat_type outerProduct (vec_type column, vec_type row)	Matrix outer product.
mat_type transpose (mat_type m)	Transpose matrix.
float determinant (mat_type m)	Matrix determinant.
mat_type inverse (mat_type m)	Inverse matrix.
bvec_type lessThan (vec_type x, vec_type y)	Bool vector comparison on < int/uint/float vectors.
bvec_type greaterThan (vec_type x, vec_type y)	Bool vector comparison on > int/uint/float vectors.
bvec_type lessThanEqual (vec_type x, vec_type y)	Bool vector comparison on <= int/uint/float vectors.
bvec_type greaterThanEqual (vec_type x, vec_type y)	Bool vector comparison on >= int/uint/float vectors.
bvec_type equal (vec_type x, vec_type y)	Bool vector comparison on == int/uint/float vectors.
bvec_type notEqual (vec_type x, vec_type y)	Bool vector comparison on != int/uint/float vectors.
bool any (bvec_type x)	`true` if any component is `true`, `false` otherwise.
bool all (bvec_type x)	`true` if all components are `true`, `false` otherwise.
bvec_type not (bvec_type x)	Invert boolean vector.
ivec2 textureSize (gsampler2D s, int lod) ivec3 textureSize (gsampler2DArray s, int lod) ivec3 textureSize (gsampler3D s, int lod) ivec2 textureSize (samplerCube s, int lod) ivec2 textureSize (samplerCubeArray s, int lod)	Get the size of a texture.
gvec4_type texture (gsampler2D s, vec2 p [, float bias]) gvec4_type texture (gsampler2DArray s, vec3 p [, float bias]) gvec4_type texture (gsampler3D s, vec3 p [, float bias]) vec4 texture (samplerCube s, vec3 p [, float bias]) vec4 texture (samplerCubeArray s, vec4 p [, float bias])	Perform a texture read.
gvec4_type textureProj (gsampler2D s, vec3 p [, float bias]) gvec4_type textureProj (gsampler2D s, vec4 p [, float bias]) gvec4_type textureProj (gsampler3D s, vec4 p [, float bias])	Perform a texture read with projection.
gvec4_type textureLod (gsampler2D s, vec2 p, float lod) gvec4_type textureLod (gsampler2DArray s, vec3 p, float lod) gvec4_type textureLod (gsampler3D s, vec3 p, float lod) vec4 textureLod (samplerCube s, vec3 p, float lod) vec4 textureLod (samplerCubeArray s, vec4 p, float lod)	Perform a texture read at custom mipmap.
gvec4_type textureProjLod (gsampler2D s, vec3 p, float lod) gvec4_type textureProjLod (gsampler2D s, vec4 p, float lod) gvec4_type textureProjLod (gsampler3D s, vec4 p, float lod)	Performs a texture read with projection/LOD.
gvec4_type textureGrad (gsampler2D s, vec2 p, vec2 dPdx, vec2 dPdy) gvec4_type textureGrad (gsampler2DArray s, vec3 p, vec2 dPdx, vec2 dPdy) gvec4_type textureGrad (gsampler3D s, vec3 p, vec2 dPdx, vec2 dPdy) vec4 textureGrad (samplerCube s, vec3 p, vec3 dPdx, vec3 dPdy) vec4 textureGrad (samplerCubeArray s, vec3 p, vec3 dPdx, vec3 dPdy)	Performs a texture read with explicit gradients.
gvec4_type texelFetch (gsampler2D s, ivec2 p, int lod) gvec4_type texelFetch (gsampler2DArray s, ivec3 p, int lod) gvec4_type texelFetch (gsampler3D s, ivec3 p, int lod)	Fetches a single texel using integer coordinates.
gvec4_type textureGather (gsampler2D s, vec2 p [, int comps]) gvec4_type textureGather (gsampler2DArray s, vec3 p [, int comps]) vec4 textureGather (samplerCube s, vec3 p [, int comps])	Gathers four texels from a texture. Use `comps` within range of 0..3 to define which component (x, y, z, w) is returned. If `comps` is not provided: 0 (or x-component) is used.
vec_type dFdx (vec_type p)	Derivative in `x` using local differencing.
vec_type dFdy (vec_type p)	Derivative in `y` using local differencing.
vec_type fwidth (vec_type p)	Sum of absolute derivative in `x` and `y`.
uint packHalf2x16 (vec2 v) vec2 unpackHalf2x16 (uint v)	Convert two 32-bit floating-point numbers into 16-bit and pack them into a 32-bit unsigned integer and vice-versa.
uint packUnorm2x16 (vec2 v) vec2 unpackUnorm2x16 (uint v)	Convert two 32-bit floating-point numbers (clamped within 0..1 range) into 16-bit and pack them into a 32-bit unsigned integer and vice-versa.
uint packSnorm2x16 (vec2 v) vec2 unpackSnorm2x16 (uint v)	Convert two 32-bit floating-point numbers (clamped within -1..1 range) into 16-bit and pack them into a 32-bit unsigned integer and vice-versa.
uint packUnorm4x8 (vec4 v) vec4 unpackUnorm4x8 (uint v)	Convert four 32-bit floating-point numbers (clamped within 0..1 range) into 8-bit and pack them into a 32-bit unsigned integer and vice-versa.
uint packSnorm4x8 (vec4 v) vec4 unpackSnorm4x8 (uint v)	Convert four 32-bit floating-point numbers (clamped within -1..1 range) into 8-bit and pack them into a 32-bit unsigned integer and vice-versa.
ivec_type bitfieldExtract (ivec_type value, int offset, int bits) uvec_type bitfieldExtract (uvec_type value, int offset, int bits)	Extracts a range of bits from an integer.
ivec_type bitfieldInsert (ivec_type base, ivec_type insert, int offset, int bits) uvec_type bitfieldInsert (uvec_type base, uvec_type insert, int offset, int bits)	Insert a range of bits into an integer.
ivec_type bitfieldReverse (ivec_type value) uvec_type bitfieldReverse (uvec_type value)	Reverse the order of bits in an integer.
ivec_type bitCount (ivec_type value) uvec_type bitCount (uvec_type value)	Counts the number of 1 bits in an integer.
ivec_type findLSB (ivec_type value) uvec_type findLSB (uvec_type value)	Find the index of the least significant bit set to 1 in an integer.
ivec_type findMSB (ivec_type value) uvec_type findMSB (uvec_type value)	Find the index of the most significant bit set to 1 in an integer.
void imulExtended (ivec_type x, ivec_type y, out ivec_type msb, out ivec_type lsb) void umulExtended (uvec_type x, uvec_type y, out uvec_type msb, out uvec_type lsb)	Adds two 32-bit numbers and produce a 64-bit result. `x` - the first number. `y` - the second number. `msb` - will contain the most significant bits. `lsb` - will contain the least significant bits.
uvec_type uaddCarry (uvec_type x, uvec_type y, out uvec_type carry)	Adds two unsigned integers and generates carry.
uvec_type usubBorrow (uvec_type x, uvec_type y, out uvec_type borrow)	Subtracts two unsigned integers and generates borrow.
vec_type ldexp (vec_type x, out ivec_type exp)	Assemble a floating-point number from a value and exponent. If this product is too large to be represented in the floating-point type the result is undefined.
vec_type frexp (vec_type x, out ivec_type exp)	Splits a floating-point number(`x`) into significand (in the range of [0.5, 1.0]) and an integral exponent. For `x` equals zero the significand and exponent are both zero. For `x` of infinity or NaN, the results are undefined.